Research Directions: Optimal Design and Numerical Simulation of Advanced Modern Electric MotorsResearch Direction 1: Design of High-Speed Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM) for Aircraft Turbine Starter SystemsThe SRM structure is simple (steel core rotor/stator, concentrated windings), enabling extremely high speeds up to 50,000 rpm and 30 kW power; the main challenge: Optimizing rotor/stator pole angles to avoid magnetic saturation in high-speed regions. Key results: Prototype fabricated in 2013 at TU Berlin; successful application of a 5.5 kW model in the international CRI project (2016–2018, $49,500 USD).  *Figure 2: SRM Prototype 30 kW – 50,000 rpm.*Research Direction 2: Development of High-Efficiency Line-Start Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (LSPMSM)Utilizing high magnetic density materials and UH42 magnets to reduce size/weight by 25% and iron losses by 20%; optimizing U/V slots and pole angles to reduce EMF/torque harmonics below 10%. MATLAB-FEM integration for rotor slot/teeth refinement; thermal-vibration-noise evaluation via ANSYS/SPEED/Motor-CAD. Results: Fabrication of 4 prototypes (2.2–11 kW, achieving IE2 efficiency) under national project KC.05/16-20 (2016–2018, 4.95 billion VND), transferred to HEM, increasing efficiency by 15–20%.Research Direction 3: Design of Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (IPM) for Electric Motorcycles and CarsOptimizing V/U magnet angles and sinusoidal-stepped rotor slots to reduce torque/EMF harmonics by 50%; GA optimization of magnet dimensions (embedded I/V or surface-mounted) to maximize air-gap flux density and inductance factor, with fixed air-gap diameter/length and power range of 5–200 kW. Key results: Prototype rotor lamination for 120 kW – 10,000 rpm with peak efficiency of 95%, maximum torque per stator current, supporting a 20% increase in electric vehicle range.Research Direction 4: Calculation and Design of Motors for Humanoid Robot Joints (BLDC, PMSM, SRM, and Axial Flux Motor) with 1-2 Stage Hollow Shaft GearboxesFocus on integrating compact motors (50–500 W power) with 1-2 stage Hollow Shaft gearboxes to optimize high torque (up to 10 Nm), flexible speeds (100–200 rpm), and lightweight design (<500 g/joint). MATLAB-FEM optimization of axial flux structures for high power density, reducing rotor inertia by 30%; motion accuracy evaluation via ANSYS Motor-CAD. Anticipated development: Prototype knee joint for humanoid robots using AFM and SRM for high durability and BLDC for fast response; transfer to industrial robot projects, reducing production costs by 25% compared to imports.Research Direction 5: Calculation, Design, and FEA Simulation of Motors (BLDC, PMSM, SRM, and Axial Flux Motor) for UAVs and AircraftDevelopment of high-efficiency propulsion motors (1–5 kW, speeds 5,000–10,000 rpm) for UAVs/Aircraft, optimizing axial flux for 95% thrust efficiency and SRM for impact load tolerance. FEA (FEMM/ANSYS) simulation of magnetic fields, temperatures (<80°C), and vibrations; GA optimization of integrated propellers to enhance aerodynamic efficiency by 15%. Anticipated development: Design of axial flux prototype for unmanned aircraft, reducing weight by 20% and energy consumption by 18%.